Cell-based Bioassay For Compounds
With Prooxidant Activity
Author(s)
M. Thomas & L. Benov
Abstract
There is substantial evidence from epidemiological studies that the etiology of
many ‘modern’ diseases is linked in part to environmental pollution. A number
of observations suggest that an imbalance in cellular oxidants and antioxidants is
a critical underlying factor. Many environmental pollutants, without being redoxactive
and capable of causing oxidation in vitro, are able to shift the
oxidant/antioxidant balance of the cells, thus triggering pathological responses. It
is difficult to assess the biological impact of mixtures of environmental
pollutants because of their complexity. We propose the parallel use of normal
(parental) and genetically engineered superoxide dismutase (SOD)-deficient
E. coli strains, as a tool for the detection of prooxidant-acting environmental
pollutants. Doubling time, viability, mutation rate, and induction of antioxidant
regulons are used as parameters to assess the pollutants’ toxicity and prooxidant
action. SOD-deficient E. coli is highly sensitive to agents causing oxidative
stress directly or indirectly. This sensitivity can be measured and is highly
reproducible. Using E. coli is advantageous because the organism is well studied,
can be stored at low temperatures for a very long time, and can be grown under
standard, well-defined conditions. The parallel use of SOD-deficient mutants and
SOD-proficient parents permits discrimination between compounds that exert
general toxicity and compounds that act as prooxidants in vivo. The bioassay was
used for fast screening of potentially hazardous chemicals with pro-oxidative
action.
Keywords: prooxidant, environmental pollutants, superoxide dismutasedeficient,
oxidative stress, bioassay.
Keywords
prooxidant, environmental pollutants, superoxide dismutasedeficient,
oxidative stress, bioassay
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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