Tonle Sap Ecosystem Water Quality Index
Development And Fish Production
Author(s)
N. T. H. Yen, K. Sunda, S. Oishi & K. Ikejima
Abstract
The Tonle Sap ecosystem of Cambodia is situated in the lower part of the
Mekong River basin (MRB), the TS ecosystem water environment is influenced
by 181,035 km2 of its catchments and water inflow from 4000 km in length of
the upper Mekong River. The water quality index (WQI) was developed based
on seven environmental chemical factors of DO, NO3+NH4, TOTP, TSS,
temperature, pH and conductivity at Kampong Luong monitoring station during
the period 1995 - 2002. On PCA, among 15 candidate parameters, the six most
variation parameters of ‘concentration of TSS mg l-1’, ‘temperature C degree’,
‘conductivity mS m-1’, ‘ratio between N and P’, ‘average monthly variation of
NO3+NH4N’, ‘average monthly variation of pH’, were identified and selected to
constitute the WQI. Each parameter was scored as 1, 3 and 5 and narrated, in
order, as poor, fair and good conditions. The yearly WQI score was calculated
from these six parameter scores in the relative year. The WQI showed that the
highest score of 4.3 was in 1996, while the lowest scores were of 1.3 and 1.0 in
2002 and 1998. Importantly, the WQI was significantly (P<0.05) correlated with
the ‘dai’ fish catch (r2 = 0.858) and the fish biological group 4 (r-species)
(r2 = 0.75) during the period 1995-2002 indicating that the index was sensitive to
reflect the relation between water quality condition and fish production. Then the
WQI should be considerably used as the biological monitoring tool for water
quality – fish production assessment. The correlations (P<0.05) between WQI
and fish families of Gyrinocheilidae and Cyprinidae indicated these fish families
should be considered to be used as the TS ecosystem water quality bioindicators.
Keywords: Tonle Sap ecosystem, water quality index, ‘dai’ fish catch, fish
biological group, k and r strategy species and multi-parameters analysis.
Keywords
Tonle Sap ecosystem, water quality index, ‘dai’ fish catch, fish
biological group, k and r strategy species and multi-parameters analysis.
Related Book
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