Value-added Utilisation Of Municipal Waste
Incinerator Bottom Ash As Lightweight
Aggregate In Concrete
Author(s)
S. Bethanis
Abstract
Over the last few decades there has been an immense demand for aggregate
materials for use in construction. These are currently obtained from primary rock
and gravel resources. However, such resources are finite and material extraction
is associated with significant environmental costs. In addition, the significant
quantities of residues generated by Waste-to-Energy incineration and coal
combustion have emphasized the need to find practical reuse applications for
these high-volume wastes. These, together with the economic burden of waste
disposal and associated adverse environmental impacts, have made it imperative
to develop alternative techniques for converting wastes into high-added value
products. This paper describes the process used to produce a lightweight
aggregate using incinerator bottom ash from municipal solid waste incineration
and pulverized fuel ash from coal-fired power plants. The method involves wet
milling of the IBA/PFA mixes, pelletisation of the powder mixes and firing in a
rotary kiln at high temperatures to produce sintered aggregates. Lightweight
aggregates with particle densities between 1.5 and 1.8 g/cm3, bulk densities
between 0.8 and 0.9 g/cm3 and water absorptions between 16 and 19% by dry
weight have been produced. The manufactured lightweight aggregates achieved
compressive strengths of approximately 58 N/mm2 at 28 days when cast in
concrete. Corresponding properties of commercial aggregates Lytag and LECA
have been determined for comparison. The leaching characteristics of the
IBA-derived aggregates were similar to Lytag and showed low heavy metal
leachability under non-highly acidic leachate pH conditions. The results confirm
the feasibility of producing a lightweight aggregate using 100% by weight
combustion ashes.
Keywords: incinerator bottom ash, pulverized fuel ash, clay, Lytag, Leca,
aggregate, concrete, leaching.
Keywords
incinerator bottom ash, pulverized fuel ash, clay, Lytag, Leca,
aggregate, concrete, leaching.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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