Indices Of Water Availability Assessment On
Hydrological Basins: A Case In Mexico
Author(s)
I. Velasco
Abstract
Water use and demand are increasing sensitive; all the productive sectors require
bigger volumes with a minimal quality to complete the expectations in the
requirements of food, goods, services and manufactured products.
The hydrological systems are under increasing pressure and in Mexico City
this need has led to severe crises owing to the inadequacy of the natural water
supply to meet this demand. Particularly, water over-assignments phenomenon is
present; the assignment to some users with volumes that overcome the natural
capacity, due mainly to ignorance about the real watershed capacity, so these
volumes lead to stressing of the hydrological systems, creating dangerous
situations because the conflicts and social unbalances are increased, especially
during shortage periods. Given the complexity and uncertainty on hydrologic
phenomenon and the variability in time, if it is not properly assessed it can drive
to over evaluating the water supply capacity and then to the creation of false
expectations that potentially cause a crisis and negative impacts because of water
inadequacy.
In the face of this dilemma, it is essential to carry out hydrological balances
keeping in mind that watershed is the unit of analysis, and considering the
diverse water uses, individually and as a whole in order to evaluate the
potentiality, as objectively as possible, of the water available related to water
demand. This allows us to estimate the level of relative availability, and on this
basis, to improve water planning with a reasonable risk of falling under
conditions such that imply over exploitation and committing their sustainability.
This acquires special importance for basins where hydrometric information is
scarce or null, and then one has to apply indirect methods for water availability
estimation; the results are expressed graphically as a \“semaphore plane”.
Keywords: hydrologic balance, water availability, water resources assessment.
Keywords
hydrologic balance, water availability, water resources assessment.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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