Evaluation Of The Surface Water Quality In The
Itapicuru River Basin – State Of Bahia, Brazil
Author(s)
S. S. P. Mestrinho, D. Reitemajer, D. C. Porciúncula & R. Lyrio
Abstract
The Itapicuru River basin is located in the northeast of the State of Bahia, Brazil.
It is a large basin with variable conditions in terms of soil, climate, topography,
natural vegetation, and economy. About 80% of the total area is subjected to
severe drought periods. Poor cropping systems and lack of adequate systems for
disposing wastewater from the urban areas determine the water quality along the
basin. This proposal aims to carry out a study on the actual situation of the
surface water resources, including diagnostic and prognostic actions. The study
presents a spatial analysis of the surface water quality using hydro chemical data
of the water and sediments from 30 stations along the river and the tributaries,
including points in the reservoirs of the dam and estuary region. The main
processes related with the water quality are: erosion, concentrations of salt and
nutrients, punctual contamination of metals and bacteria. The spatial distribution
of the parameters in the different points is illustrated in maps. Zones showing
higher values of coliforms, nitrogen, phosphor, chloride, conductivity and
nitrates are in the high and medium part of the river, where there is low rainfall,
higher demographic density and expressive social-economic dynamics. Closer to
the chromium mines the concentration of iron and chromium in the sediments is
above the limits. The results are associated with the environmental quality in
order to have a characterization of the hydro chemical and social-economic
elements, in different scales. Also critical areas are defined in detailed studies to
help implement corrective actions to minimize or eliminate the contamination
problems. It is expected that the results and achievements of this project will be
useful in order to support the development of state and federal programs on the
sustainability of water resources in the region.
Keywords: water quality, environmental quality, Itapicuru river basin.
Keywords
water quality, environmental quality, Itapicuru river basin.
Related Book
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