Commercial Water Auditing In Stella
Author(s)
S. J. Mecca & S. D. Mecca
Abstract
Stella has been successfully used to model water supply systems [1] including
the representation of residential demand [2] in such systems (Stella is a product
of ISEE Systems, Hanover, NH USA.) This paper documents the use of this
modeling tool in simulating demand from several appliances common to
commercial water users and applying this technique to commercial water
auditing. The application of the model to the audits of six commercial
organizations is presented. The model is being used for water
management/conservation studies but also has potential for representing
commercial water demand in more comprehensive supply system models.
Keywords: water audit, commercial water auditing, commercial water demand,
water management, water conservation.
1 Motivation
The management of water resources has required extensive modelling with
reliable data for both validation and decision making. Information regarding
end-use consumption in residential, commercial, industrial and governmental
sectors is essential in comprehensive water resource models. Yet, reliability has
often meant metering, which, on a distributed basis, can be expensive and time
consuming. In the residential sector, guidance on water demand can often be
gleaned and scaled from large studies such as the AWWA REUW study, which
spanned several areas and districts around the United States [1]. This data has
been successfully scaled to a small municipal system in Jamestown, Rhode
Island in the US by normalizing computed demand to billing audit data for this
community [2]. The effort was motivated by a need for representing residential
end-use of water in a comprehensive dynamic-stochastic water management
Keywords
water audit, commercial water auditing, commercial water demand,
water management, water conservation.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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