The Effect Of Buildings In Floodplain
Overbank Areas
Author(s)
A. D. Parr & B. Heatherman
Abstract
Urban areas often include inundated areas with a significant number of
residential or commercial buildings within the floodplain boundaries. The
buildings reduce the conveyance by lowering the cross-sectional area of flow and
by creating drag forces. It is important that these factors be considered in
floodplain models.
This study considers the resistance effect of buildings in the overbank areas of
floodplains. An equation was derived that expresses an effective Manning’s
n-value as a function of flow, building and roughness parameters.
Keywords: n-value, floodplain, overbank, buildings.
1 Introduction
Floodplain analysis in urban areas faces the issue of accounting for the resistance
created by buildings in the floodplain. Two things happen when impenetrable
objects are placed in the floodplain. First, the conveyance of the floodplain is
reduced due to the reduction of cross sectional area. Second, the buildings
introduce drag forces. Both phenomena will be considered here. An equation is
developed to account for both blockage and drag via an effective Manning’s nvalue.
The HEC-RAS one-dimensional hydraulic model [1] is the model used
for most floodplain analysis in the United States. Thus, it will be used herein for
demonstration purposes.
Keywords
n-value, floodplain, overbank, buildings.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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