Velocity And Suspended Sediment Concentration
Profiles In Rivers: In Situ Measurements And
Flux Modelling
Author(s)
P. Laguionie1, A. Crave2 & A. Jigorel1
Abstract
River basin sediment management is increasingly needed to address both
sediment quantity and quality studies. In this context, the sampling of suspended
sediment through a river cross-section is unavoidable. Rivers have the interesting
property of concentrate sediment and processes through a river cross-section are
representative of the whole upstream hydro-sedimentary processes.
Evaluating sediment budget at the outlet of a river basin is closely related to the
experimental method used, as suspended sediment concentration and velocity are
non-constant over the water height. This paper presents results obtained from an in
situ experimental program, which aims to measure the velocity and suspended
sediment concentration profiles in rivers during different hydrological conditions.
In particular, the study focuses on the region located near the interface between
water and settled sediment. This region is usually neglected as it corresponds to the
dead zone of non-intrusive instruments such as Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers.
This is achieved by the use of specific instruments. A velocity profiler was used to
measure the velocity profile within the few percents of the water height located
near the interface between water and settled sediment. In addition, sediment
concentration profiles were measured either by a turbidity sensor moved over the
water height or by 144 turbidity sensors mounted on a vertical stick, which allows
one to record instantaneously the turbidity profile close to the interface between
water and settled sediment.
In situ measurements are compared to theoretical models commonly used: the
Rouse profile for suspended sediment concentrations, and the logarithmic law for
velocities. Results notably show that during low water flows, 35% of the total
sediment flux may be located within the first 15% of the water height. Then,
following the sampling strategy adopted, the error on the mean suspended
sediment flux may be up to 50%.
Keywords: in situ measurement, river, suspended sediment profile, velocity
profile, sediment flux.
Keywords
in situ measurement, river, suspended sediment profile, velocity
profile, sediment flux.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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