Environmental Sustainability Of CO2 Capture In
Fossil Fuel Based Power Plants
Author(s)
A. Franco & A. R. Diaz
Abstract
This paper analyzes various possible options for the chemical capture of CO2 and
their energy requirements, focusing attention on the introduction of the devices
in well-defined power plant configurations. Capture technologies are proposed
and the most suitable technology appears to be chemical absorption. Even if, in
principle, this option appears interesting, under an energetic point of view it has
a great impact on the thermodynamic performance of the plant, reducing
drastically its efficiency.
Keywords: CO2 capture, chemical absorption technologies, energy analysis.
1 Introduction
Fossil fuels retain the largest market share of the world’s electricity generation,
but they are a source of CO2 emissions. These considerations have triggered
discussions over the wide use of some fossil fuels, like coal, in order to see if
capture and sequestration of CO2 emissions are possible. The aim of CO2 capture
technologies is to remove the CO2 presents at the flue gas before it reaches the
atmosphere, producing a concentrated stream that can be stored and transported.
However, to capture the CO2 produced, a significant amount of energy is
required. This means that power plants with capture technology require much
more fuel per kWh generated, reducing net plant efficiency [1]. It also results in
an increase in most other environmental emissions per kWh of electricity
generated, producing a proportional amount of by-products relative to the same
type of plant without capture. In addition, there is an increase in the consumption
of chemicals, such as ammonia and limestone in De-NOx and De-SO2
technologies. These factors restrict the emissions reduction requirements to a
not-always-available thermodynamic performance.
Keywords
CO2 capture, chemical absorption technologies, energy analysis.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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