Recreational Trail Planning In The Context
Of Seasonality
Author(s)
P. Vassiljev, K. Kuldkepp, M. Külvik, A. Kull & Ü. Mander
Abstract
This study involved comparing the perceived restorative value of the vegetation
types in winter and summer to find out how to plan recreation trails that would
have maximum restorative value in both seasons. It was found that vegetation
classes do have different levels of restorative value. In agreement with the
extensive body of knowledge, the park-like and savannah-like vegetation types
resulted in higher scores for restorativeness. Also, the smoothness of the ground
and the perceived ease of movement through the landscape seemed to positively
affect the restorative value of the vegetation class. Apparent seasonal changes in
the visibility and smoothness of the ground had an influence on the restorative
value of some vegetation types. Views towards and away from the vegetation
type tended to elicit higher scores for restoration potential than views within the
type.
In order to maximize the restorative value in both seasons, the recreational
trails should provide views towards and away from certain vegetation types in
the landscape that have smooth ground cover. Long sections of tracks within
forests with a dense understorey should be avoided, although the need for
variation should be given equal consideration. Because many forest types in the
study area are naturally dense or develop a dense understorey, especially on the
woodland edge, a consistent plan for landscape management is needed.
Keywords: landscape seasonality, landscape assessment, landscape
management, restorative quality of natural environments, recreation, recreation
trails, woodland edge.
Keywords
landscape seasonality, landscape assessment, landscape
management, restorative quality of natural environments, recreation, recreation
trails, woodland edge.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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