Assessment Of Seasonal Variations In Stream
Water By Principal Component Analysis
Author(s)
M. M. Taboada-Castro, M. L. Rodríguez-Blanco
& M. T. Taboada-Castro
Abstract
Assessment of seasonal changes in surface water is an important aspect for the
interpretation of hydrochemical data. Thirteen physical and chemical parameters
monitored at four sampling stations along the Corbeira stream, NW Spain, were
analyzed during a three-year period. The Corbeira stream drains a rural
catchment (16 Km2) with low population density. The land use consists mainly
of forested and agricultural land. The geological material is basic schist.
A total of 51 samples were collected from each station. The principal
component analysis (PCA) technique was used to evaluate the seasonal
correlations of water quality parameters.
Four principal components, accounting for 88.7 and 83.3% of the total
variances of information contained in the original dataset for spring and winter,
respectively, were obtained. In summer and autumn, three principal components
accounted for 80.3 and 81.1% of the total variance, respectively.
The results revealed that conductivity, chloride, magnesium, sulphate and
nitrate were always the most important variables contributing to water
physical-chemical properties in the stream for all seasons. The first three can be
interpreted as a mineral component of the stream water. This clustering of
variables points to a common origin for these minerals, most likely from an
alteration of schist, whereas nitrates may be interpreted as representing
influences from natural (decomposition of organic matter from soils) and
anthropogenic inputs. Autumn and winter (periods with high water discharge)
showed a strong influence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total nitrogen
(Kjeldahl), respectively. This finding could be due to surface runoff.
Keywords: hydrochemistry, surface water, principal component analysis,
seasonal variation.
Keywords
hydrochemistry, surface water, principal component analysis,
seasonal variation.
Related Book
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