Modelling Of Air Pollutants Released From
Highway Traffic In Hungary
Author(s)
Gy. Baranka
Abstract
The aim of study is to determine the CO and NO2 concentrations near Hungarian
motorways. The expressway network in Hungary is comprised of 650 kilometres
of motorway, 205 kilometres of clearways and highways as well as 188
kilometres of junction point sections. The CALINE4 dispersion model developed
by the California Department of Transportation for predicting CO, NO2
concentrations near roadways was adapted at Hungarian Meteorological Service.
The dispersion equation is based on an analytic solution of the Gaussian
diffusion equation for a finite line source. This model was combined with a
\“mixing zone” model segment. The \“mixing zone” is defined as the region over
the road characterized by uniform emissions and turbulence. The model treats
traffic as an infinite line source divided into a series of elements located
perpendicular to the wind direction. Vertical dispersion parameters take into
consideration both thermal and mechanical turbulence caused by vehicles. A
CALINE4 roadway link is assigned an equivalent line source strength based on
the product of a fleet averaged vehicle emission factor (grams of pollutant per
vehicle per mile traveled) and vehicle flow rate (vehicles per hour). The
CALINE4 requires relatively minimal input from the user. Input data are traffic
volume, emission factors, roadway geometry, wind speed and direction, ambient
air temperature, mixing height, atmospheric stability class and coordinate of
receptors. Using CALINE4 dispersion model 1-hour and 8-hour averages CO
and NO2 concentrations have been determined at the receptors within 500 meters
of the Hungarian motorways and around the intersection links.
Keywords: emission of road traffic, turbulence, diffusion processes, CALINE4
model, spatial distribution.
Keywords
emission of road traffic, turbulence, diffusion processes, CALINE4
model, spatial distribution.
Related Book
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