NIST Gas Standards Containing Volatile
Organic Compounds In Support Of Ambient
Air Pollution Measurements
Author(s)
G. C. Rhoderick
Abstract
Since the late 1970s the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),
Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, has been developing and supplying reference
materials (RMs) in support of gas measurements for measuring ambient air
pollution. These RMs have been developed for federal and state governments in
the United States (US), such as the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
and the State of California Air Resources Board (CARB), as well as academia,
research laboratories such as the National Center for Atmospheric Research
(CARB), and other laboratories around the world. Many of these volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) pose health concerns and are monitored at ground level to
assist U.S. government agencies in assessing the need for emission studies and
controls. Ozone is also a ground level pollutant of great concern. Hydrocarbons
are ozone precursors and are measured to track, in particular, automobile
emissions. RMs are split into two groups containing either multicomponent
mixtures of VOCs or non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs). Typically these
RMs are produced at the 0.02–10 nmol/mol (ppb) level. The research into the
preparation and stability of such chemical compounds contained in gas mixtures
has led to the development of two Standard Reference Materials (SRMs); a 30-
component VOC (SRM 1804) and 18-component NMHC (SRM 1800) at
5 nmol/mol per component. NIST has participated in international comparisons
with other National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) through bilaterals and CCQM
key and pilot comparisons for many of these VOCs and NMHCs. Results of
these comparisons have shown equivalency among these NMIs, helping to
underpin their measurement and standards claims. Development of these SRMs
and RMs, as well as the international comparisons will be discussed.
Keywords: standard reference material (SRM), reference material (RM), volatile
organic compounds (VOCs), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), primary
standard mixtures (PSMs), air pollution measurements.
Keywords
standard reference material (SRM), reference material (RM), volatile
organic compounds (VOCs), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), primary
standard mixtures (PSMs), air pollution measurements.
Related Book
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