Seawater Intrusion Into Coastal Aquifers –
A Case Study
Author(s)
J. Letha & D. B. Krishnan
Abstract
Seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers is a major problem in almost all parts of
the world. The increasing demand for fresh water in coastal regions is being met
by the coastal aquifers. The development and management of fresh groundwater
resources in coastal aquifers are seriously constrained by the presence of
seawater intrusion. For proper management of coastal aquifers, it is necessary to
assess the extent of saltwater intrusion in the aquifers. In the present study a
numerical model based on solute transport, which can simulate seawater
intrusion, is studied and is applied to an actual field situation. The extent and
pattern of seawater intrusion in the region is simulated under the present
situation. Simulations are also carried out to find the effect of pumping rate on
the intrusion pattern in the vertical direction. The model is applied to an actual
field problem. The model is calibrated in steady state to estimate model
parameters such as conductivity and specific yield. Simulation runs are
performed for the model to calculate groundwater heads in the region for a
period of 180 days. When these heads are compared with the observed heads it
yields a correlation coefficient of 0.75. The model is then calibrated in the
transient state and when the transient heads are compared with observed heads a
correlation coefficient of 0.98 is obtained. The model is then applied to simulate
seawater intrusion in the horizontal direction. It is seen that the advancement of
the seawater intrusion front is at maximum for a depth of 28–40m from the
ground surface. The simulation is also carried out to see the effect of the
pumping rate on the advancement of the seawater intrusion front in the vertical
direction in the region along the three pumping wells namely Karichal,
Pollinkudi and Adimalathura. The rate of advancement in the intrusion front in
the Pollinkodi pump well is found to be greater than the other pumping wells.
Keywords: seawater intrusion, coastal aquifers, seawater intrusion front, extent
and pattern of seawater intrusion, variation with pumping rate.
Keywords
seawater intrusion, coastal aquifers, seawater intrusion front, extent
and pattern of seawater intrusion, variation with pumping rate.
Related Book
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