Mutual Influence Between Surface Fire
Propagation And A Tree Trunk
Author(s)
J. M. C. Mendes-Lopes, J. M. P. Ventura & N. M. G. Santos
Abstract
Computational modelling of fire propagation is becoming one of the main tools
for forest fire studies. Complex physical models are coping with increasingly
larger scales and meshes that no longer can accommodate trees at individual
level. Therefore, it is important to know how fire propagation is influenced by
tree trunks under windy conditions in order to include that information in the
model and in the cells that contain trees. It is also important to know how the
flame affects the trunk, especially in its leeward side where the flame may stay
attached.
To gather that type of information, a set of experiments was performed in a
wind tunnel especially prepared to carry out fire propagation tests in forest fuel
beds. A Pinus pinaster trunk was mounted vertically in the centre of the 1.70 m
long measuring zone. Temperature time profiles were measured in the windward,
lateral, and leeward sides of the trunk, with three thermocouples vertically
aligned in each of those three sides. Rate of spread, flame angle, and flame
height were obtained from video movies, as well as flame height and residence
time of the attached flame in the near-wake of the trunk.
Qualitative and quantitative results show that flame propagation is not
particularly sensitive to the trunk’s presence, except in the near-wake of the
trunk. Under certain circumstances, flames attached to the leeward side of the
trunk can be much taller than the flame’s main body and can remain in that zone
for longer periods than elsewhere.
Keywords: fuel bed, flame propagation, rate of spread, tree trunk, Pinus
pinaster.
Keywords
fuel bed, flame propagation, rate of spread, tree trunk, Pinus
pinaster.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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