Biofiltration Of Methane: Effect Of Temperature
And Nutrient Solution
Author(s)
C. Menard, A. Avalos Ramirez, J. Nikiema & M. Heitz
Abstract
Methane is a greenhouse gas (GHG) 21 times more contributing to global
warming than carbon dioxide (CO2) and originates mainly from the energy,
agriculture and landfill sectors. Methane can be valorized via combustion or
transformed by catalytic processes into products like methanol. When
valorization cannot be applied because of inappropriate flow rates or methane
concentrations, biofiltration is a biotechnology well adapted to control the
methane emissions. Biofiltration is a triphasic biotechnology, which uses
microorganisms to reduce pollutants like volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or
volatile inorganic compounds (VICs) or GHG like methane. Several studies have
been published over the last three decades about VOC and VIC biofiltration, but
fewer studies are available about methane control.
At the Université de Sherbrooke, research is being conducted to control
methane emissions originating from landfills or livestock productions. The
biofilter used in this study is a laboratory-scale bioreactor of 0.018 m3 divided
into 3 sections. An inorganic packing material is used as the filter bed and a
nutrient solution is supplied to irrigate the biofilter once daily.
The objective of the present study is to determine the operating conditions to
obtain high removal efficiencies at methane inlet concentrations around
7000 ppmv. The biofilter is operated under a nitrogen concentration of 0.5 gN/L
and an inlet flow rate of air/methane mixture of 0.25 m3/h. The parameters tested
are the temperature of the bed filter and the amount of nutrient solution supplied
to the biofilter. Better performances are obtained in the temperature range of
28-30°C with an elimination capacity of 39 gCH4/m3/h for an inlet load of
67 gCH4/m3/h. Reducing the daily amount of nutrient solution from 1500 to
250 ml/d affects the biofilter as it provokes a clogging phenomenon. The best
Keywords
biofiltration, methane, temperature, nutrient solution, air pollution, environment
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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