Oil Shale Ash As A Catalyst In Wastewater
Treatment In The Pulp And Paper Industry
Author(s)
M. Kindsigo, R. Kuusik & J. Kallas
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry is one of the largest and most polluting industries in
the world, mainly due to coloration and toxicity problems in wastewaters. Wood
debarking, a primary wood treatment process, produces an aqueous effluent that
is currently considered as one of the most toxic wastewaters in the papermaking
industry. Due to the biological toxicity of the stream debarking wastewater,
which contains hardly any biodegradable lignin, is the unsolved problem for
wastewater biological treatment. Wet oxidation (WO), water treatment in
elevated temperatures and pressures, is an effective process for lignin destruction
in debarking water. The main problems in process realization are temperature
that is too high (close to 200ºC), pressure that is too high and the long duration
time of treatment (1.5-2 hours) for lignin degradation. The way to decrease the
process temperature and pressure is to use catalytic wet oxidation (CWO).
The catalytic effect of an Estonian oil shale alkaline ash (waste material of
multicomponent composition forming in high quantities at heat and power
production based on firing of local low-grade carbonaceous fossil fuel) in WO of
lignin containing waters has been established. The composition of ash is
presented. The results of CWO are compared with WO results without ash.
Catalytic wet oxidation of lignin water using platinum (Pt) as the catalyst is also
briefly presented. It is demonstrated that a certain amount of ash accelerates the
oxidation process of organics in water; it degrades the lignins content more
quickly, as well as the values of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and TOC
(Total Organic Carbon) in lower reaction temperatures and pressures, such as
those in WO.
Keywords: catalytic wet oxidation, lignin degradation, oil shale ash.
Keywords
catalytic wet oxidation, lignin degradation, oil shale ash
Related Book
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