A New Thermally Activated Battery Cell-based
Forest Fire Detection And Monitoring System
Author(s)
B. Neubauer, J. Sidén, C. Olofsson, M. Gulliksson,
A. Koptyug, H.-E. Nilsson & M. Norgren
Abstract
Detection of forest wildfires at early stages can significantly improve the success
of fire fighting and thus it contributes to the damage and cost reduction. Surface
deployed sensor networks linked to global nets are often regarded as technically
simple options to achieve forest fire detection and progress monitoring.
Straightforward solutions with sensor nodes continuously supplying telemetric
information demand heavy duty power supplies and periodic service. They are
relatively expensive and commonly not environmentally friendly. We have
suggested and currently develop an early warning forest fire detection system
based on inexpensive, dormant fire-activated detecting sensors and a number of
monitoring nodes in a network configuration.
Small deploy-and-forget type sensors contain a radio transmitter with
recorded identity number, together with an inactive power element. When
activated by high temperature of a developing wildfire, this element produces
enough power to support the transmitter, broadcasting the unique identity code
until the sensor is completely burnt. Monitoring nodes of such system stand by
for sensor activation and forward the alarm information along the monitoring
nodes network. Implementation of anti-collision transmission protocols in the
sensors allows the monitoring nodes to keep track of fire development and
progress.
Monitoring nodes and nodes linking the forest fire detection and monitoring
net to public networks can be made using conventional technology and utilizing
existing communication networks. Thus significant efforts have been directed to
the design of the primary sensors, designing them to be cost efficient and
minimizing their environmental impact. Cellulose-based materials are widely
Keywords
fire activated dormant sensors, forest-deployed sensor network, heat activated dry power element, low environmental impact
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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