A Brief History Of The Sand Drifts On The
Jæren Coast, Norway
Author(s)
A. Tørum & O. T. Gudmestad
Abstract
The Norwegian coastline is mainly rocky with no major problems related to
beach erosion and littoral drift. However, the Jæren coastline has some stretches
of sandy beaches. The Jæren coast is facing the North Sea with severe wave
conditions. The highest recorded storm surge level is 1.2 m above mean sea
level. The water level in the area has been varying and was 4000 years ago
approximately 5 m higher than it is today. Since then, the water level has steadily
decreased until today’s level. There are no big rivers entering the sea at the Jæren
coast. The beaches were formed primarily by the moving ice during the glacial
periods. Excavations have revealed approximately 2500 year old farm fields,
which later have been covered by thick Aeolian sand. The beaches do not erode
significantly today. The sand on these beaches has historically been a nuisance to
the farmers in the area when the wind has blown the sand into the farm fields. In
1806, the Danish-Norwegian government sent Captain Knop to survey the area.
He made maps of the coastline and plans to plant marram grass to stop the
Aeolian sand drift. However, as Norway became part of Sweden in 1814, the
Swedish-Norwegian government did not follow up the plans to plant marram
grass. The wind blowing sand conditions were especially bad around 1870. The
high windy conditions have been revealed by wind observations in the area since
1865. It was then decided to plant marram grass, which has been a success to
stop the sand from blowing into the farm fields. The paper discusses the
evidence of sand dune growth on the Jæren coast and the reasons why there has
been no significant long term beach erosion in the area.
Keywords: beach erosion, sand drift, marram grass, growth of sand dunes.
Keywords
beach erosion, sand drift, marram grass, growth of sand dunes.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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