Emissions Standards Development For
An I/M Program
Author(s)
M. Kazopoulo, M. El-Fadel & I. Kaysi
Abstract
This paper presents the results of vehicle exhaust measurements that were used
to establish emission standards for an I/M program. For this purpose, a total
number of 100 private autos distributed across model years ranging between
1972 and 2002 were tested under idling conditions. The monitored indicators
included air to fuel ratio (%), CO (%), CO2 (%), HC (ppm), NOx (ppm) and O2
(%). Private autos with model years greater than 1994 were found to be
compliant with international standards and are relatively well maintained.
Emissions from older models increased significantly with lack of engine
maintenance. The paper concludes with criteria for proposing I/M emission
standards based on exhaust measurements taking country-specific socioeconomic
characteristics into consideration.
Keywords: exhaust emissi
Keywords
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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