Author(s)
K. Jahan, P. Mosto, C. Mattson, E. Frey & L. Derchak
Abstract
Metal uptake by microorganisms has been studied for some years. Research
indicates that algae have the ability to accumulate trace metals by biosorption
and bioaccumulation. Biosorption is a term designated for all of the passive
interactions with metals. In certain sites of the algae cell wall, adsorption
reactions occur between the cell wall and the metal ion. Depending on the
binding site (functional group on the binding site) and the type of metal, any of
several various adsorption reactions can occur. Bioaccumulation reactions, on
the other hand, are active reactions in which the metal ions are directly absorbed
into the algal cell. The mechanism behind these reactions is generally a
defensive one; meaning that the cell is absorbing the metal for the sole purpose
of avoiding being poisoned. It is important to note that there is a striking
difference in the time for each of these processes. The biosorption process has
been shown to be rapid and frequently selective. Biosorption occurs in a matter
of minutes while bioaccumulation occurs on a much longer time scale. Uptake
of metals by algae may be a viable cost-effective biological pretreatment for the
wastewater and water industries. Thus, a study was conducted to identify algae
that can accumulate copper and arsenic via rapid biosorption. Common green
algae Scenedesmus abundans and Chorella vulgaris were used for determining
metal uptake (cupper and arsenic) in batch experiments. Results of the
experiments indicated that the algae biosorption could be modeled by the
conventional Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. Algae morphology
studies indicated that the algae cells were impacted due to the presence of both
metals as evidenced by clumping or loss of cell clusters. Results indicate that
algae uptake of metals may be a viable method of pretreatment of metal
contaminated wastewater.
Keywords: arsenic, copper, algae, biosorption, metals, Scenedesmus abundans,
Chorella vulgaris.
Keywords
arsenic, copper, algae, biosorption, metals, Scenedesmus abundans,
Chorella vulgaris.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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