Biosorption Technologies For Water Treatment
Author(s)
A. Esau & F. Petersen
Abstract
Ecological problems due to dispersion of heavy metals in natural environments,
the high cost of conventional treatment technologies, as well as restrictive
environmental legislations have led to investigations into alternate methods for
heavy metal removal. Previous work conducted at the Cape Technikon on
available biomaterials for heavy metal removal resulted in the identification of
eklonia maxima (brown seaweed) as a possible biomaterial for industrial scale
heavy metal removal. Preliminary batch column tests, using a similar
configuration to a normal ion exchange column, showed that the biosorption
process could effectively be utilised to remove up to 100% of heavy metals such
as Pb and Cu with very fast kinetics. A comparative cost analysis of the
biosorption process and other heavy metal removal processes, such as ion
exchange, showed that the biomaterials used for the sorption process were much
more cost effective than the conventional resins used in industry.
Keywords: biosorption, kinetics, sorption, biomaterials, eklonia maxima,
seaweed, heavy metal removal.
1 Introduction
Industrial effluents from mining activities, agricultural runoff and industrial and
domestic effluents are the main sources of heavy metal contamination of water.
The most popular method for the removal of heavy metals from effluent is ionexchange
using resin as an ion-exchanger. This is a relatively expensive method
due to the high cost of the manufactured resin. An alternative for removing
heavy metals from contaminated water is by using biomaterials instead of resin.
There is a wide spectrum of biomaterials capable of accumulating metal ions
in their cell walls. A study performed at the Cape Technikon on the comparative
performance of four biomaterials for heavy metal removal identified eklonia
Keywords
biosorption, kinetics, sorption, biomaterials, eklonia maxima,
seaweed, heavy metal removal.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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