Modelling Of Breach Channel Evolution
Author(s)
L. Schippa & S. Pavan
Abstract
In the recent past several approaches have been developed in dam breach
modelling which may be conveniently categorized as parametric-based or
physically-based. The former utilizes key parameters such as average breach
width and breach evolution time to represent the hydraulics and breach
formation, and thus compute the breach outflow hydrograph using a numerical
time-stepping solution procedure or a single analytical equation. In addition, a
significant set of laboratory test cases have been carried out in order to
understand and to reproduce the failure processes. In particular, the erosion due
to the overtopping of an homogeneous embankment and the breach evolution in
an earth dam have been examined in a large variety of conditions. In this paper a
physically based numerical breach evolution model is proposed. It is based on an
original conservative formulation of shallow water equations and on the
sediment continuity equation. The momentum balance equation includes an
alternative source terms treatment: the present approach considers the pressure
force term as a function of the static moment variation, taking as a constant the
water level elevation. As a consequence, the model does not account directly for
local bottom slope, and is demonstrated to be particularly suitable in the abrupt
changing of bed profile, as is typical in the breach channel. An original
physically-based breach channel evolution scheme is proposed. Governing
equations are numerically solved by a simple numerical scheme. The model has
been tested versus laboratory tests, and results compare favourably with the
observed data.
Keywords: breach development, dam failure, earth embankment, numerical
modelling, erosion process.
Keywords
breach development, dam failure, earth embankment, numerical
modelling, erosion process.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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