The Role Of One- And Two-dimensional
Mathematical Models For Flood Risk Simulation
Author(s)
F. C. B. Mascarenhas, M. G. Miguez, J. H. A. Prodanoff
& L. P. C. de Magalhães
Abstract
With regard to the aspects of river basin management, mathematical flood
modelling can be a valuable tool in order to simulate hazardous effects both in
rural as well as in urban river basins. In a strict mathematical sense there is no
need to work with momentum equations in two plane dimensions, and it may be
sufficient to assume that the flow occurs along pre-defined directions in space,
resulting in the so-called pseudo two-dimensional model, also known as the flow
cell model. Generally, in most rural areas, one-dimensional models give good
results as the river flow can be considered to occur in a preferential space
direction. In this case, the river is assumed to flow in a straight way only at each
sub-reach and the flooding levels are extrapolated to the floodplains without
significant errors. However, when studying urban and some particularly flat rural
areas, one may notice that frequently the one-dimensional approach may lack the
flood pattern meanings. In such cases, a pseudo two-dimensional mathematical
model should be employed, in which flooding waters follow different ways and
common features of the urban landscape begin to act hydraulically. It must be
noted that in this case, where the landscape dictates flow patterns, the use of true
two-dimensional modelling is not recommended, as independent flows from one
place to another may occur outside the main drainage net, and the water surface
is not continuous. In this paper, we briefly present the hydrological and hydraulic
concepts involved, and we show the application results for three case studies:
flood flow simulation in a Brazilian rural river by a kinematic wave model, flood
flow simulation in a rural river basin using both a simplified hydrodynamic and a
full dynamic one-dimensional mathematical model and flood flow simulation in
a large Brazilian rural marsh through pseudo two-dimensional mathematical
modelling.
Keywords: flood risk simulation, one and pseudo two-dimensional mathematical
models.
Keywords
flood risk simulation, one and pseudo two-dimensional mathematical
models.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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