Health Risk Analysis For A
Contaminated Industrial Site:
Pre And Post Remediation Scenarios
Author(s)
F. Cangialosi, G. Intini, L. Liberti, M. Notarnicola, M. Romanazzi
& P. Stellacci
Abstract
Industrial contamination is one of the pressing environmental concerns facing
the world. The latest approaches to the problem of contaminated site remediation
focus on the risk assessment to evaluate potential adverse effects on human
health and environment. This study presents the results of health risk estimations
related to different remedial scenarios in an industrial site. A portion of Taranto
Harbour was infilled with blast furnace slag and mill slag by a large steel plant
located nearby to create approximately 36 hectares of land. Furthermore, a large
portion of the site was used as a settling basin for wastewater coming from the
steel plant, contaminated primarily by several by-products of coking operations;
consequently, the environmental site assessment highlighted a severe
contamination by heavy metals (arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, lead and
vanadium), heavy hydrocarbons (C>12) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs) in soil and groundwater. Risk assessment was carried out either for the
pre-remediation scenario or the mitigated scenario according to the site
remediation project. The following transport mechanism were identified: wind
erosion and dispersion of particles, surface soil and groundwater volatilization of
organic compounds. A software tool, endorsed by the Italian Minister of
Environment and relying on the Risk-Based Corrective Actions (RBCA)
approach, was used for analyzing the occurrence of negative effects on human
receptors (future workers) interacting with hazardous pollutants. Risk was
evaluated for each exposure pathway and contaminant of concern. Pollutants that
influence principally the total cancer risk (CR) value were benzo(a)pyrene,
benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(a)anthracene and beryllium. Results showed that
workers exposure to contaminated area led to a potential health risk of
carcinogenic effects (CR≈10-3), while the hazard index, related to noncarcinogenic
chemicals, was less than one. The analysis for the mitigated
scenario suggested that cancer risk occurrence was below acceptable levels set
by the Italian enforcing regulations, i.e. 10-6.
Keywords: health risk analysis, contaminated industrial site, RBCA.
Keywords
health risk analysis, contaminated industrial site, RBCA.
Related Book
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