Potential Arsenic Exposures To Children
Associated With In-service And Recycled
CCA-treated Wood In Tropical Environments
Author(s)
T. Shibata, H. M. Solo-Gabriele, L. E. Fleming, S. L. Shalat,
Y. Cai & T. Townsend
Abstract
CCA-treated wood, which has been a widely used preservative for treating
outdoor wood structures, e.g. playsets, has been reported to release arsenic. The
objectives of the study were to estimate the potential levels of arsenic exposure
to children at CCA-treated wood equipped playgrounds and to evaluate factors
that affect the magnitude arsenic releases for pathways which may result in the
exposures. Two types of releasable arsenic were evaluated: dislodgeable arsenic
released by rubbing the wood and leachable arsenic released by rainfall.
Dislodgeable arsenic was tested using synthetic wipes and leachable arsenic was
assessed by monitoring outdoor decks and recycled wood mulch. The potential
level of arsenic on a child’s hand after individual contact with in-service CCAtreated
wood playsets was 2.9 µg/(100 cm2·hand-est) based on the synthetic wipe
method. However, such an exposure level can be affected by physical factors
such as age of wood, frequency of rubbing, amount of arsenic in the wood, and
climate. Arsenic concentration in the surface sand below a CCA-treated deck
after 6 and 24 months of arsenic leaching was 4.5 mg/kg and 13.4 mg/kg
respectively. Based on these contamination levels, the potential level of arsenic
on a child’s hand after contact with sand under the CCA-treated wood structure
was computed as 0.05 µg/(100 cm2·hand-est) after 6 months of the installation
and increased to 0.15 µg/(100 cm2·hand-est) after 24 month of the installation.
Exposure levels from soil can be influenced by soil type and characteristics of
the wood structure and rainfall. Overall, this study showed that arsenic releases
from CCA-treated playgrounds can be available for potential arsenic exposures
to children and the levels are influenced by many environmental factors. In most
cases the releases exceeded the risk-based regulatory guidelines.
Keywords: arsenic exposure, children, CCA-treated wood, playgrounds, tropical
environments.
Keywords
arsenic exposure, children, CCA-treated wood, playgrounds, tropical
environments.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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