Mitigation Of Alkaline Mine Drainage In A
Natural Wetland System
Author(s)
J. Kelly, P. Champagne & F. Michel
Abstract
Many studies have focused on the generation and mitigation of acidic drainage
generated when sulfide bearing material is exposed to the atmosphere and
undergoes oxidation. Neutral or alkaline mine drainage can be produced from
mining waste containing little or no sulfides, and such drainage can also contain
elevated metal concentrations, potentially impacting receiving environments.
The goal of this study was to characterize the biogeochemical interactions
occurring throughout a natural wetland located in the Farr Creek drainage area in
Cobalt Canada and to evaluate the ability of the system to effectively attenuate
alkaline mine drainage. The biological characterization of the sediment samples
demonstrated the presence of acid producing bacteria in consistent numbers with
sulphate reducing bacteria and iron reducing bacteria. The data suggested that the
acid produced by these active bacterial populations was immediately neutralized
by the dissolution of carbonate minerals within the tailings, yielding a neutral to
alkaline drainage. The distribution of metals including As, Co, Cu, and Zn
throughout the sediments, pore water, and vegetation samples collected at
various core locations the metal mass was primarily bound in the sediments or
adsorbed onto organic matter or oxide fractions of the sediments.
Phytoremediation processes involving Typha latifolia were shown to attenuate
metals, particularly Cu and Zn. Adsorption onto organic matter and oxides was
another attenuation pathway that significantly improved metal retention. Iron and
sulfate reduction were also found to lead to the formation of metal sulfide
precipitates, thereby immobilizing the metals.
Keywords: wetland, alkaline mine drainage, heavy metals, sequential extraction,
phytoremediation, sulphate reducing bacteria, iron reducing bacteria, acid
producing bacteria, Typha latifolia.
Keywords
wetland, alkaline mine drainage, heavy metals, sequential extraction,
phytoremediation, sulphate reducing bacteria, iron reducing bacteria, acid
producing bacteria, Typha latifolia.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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