Debris Flow Research In Russia And The Former
Soviet Union: History And Perspectives
Author(s)
K. N. Nosov, S. S. Chernomorets, O. V. Tutubalina & E. V. Zaporozhchenko
Abstract
Studies of debris flows in the Russian Empire started in the 1860s. At that time
expeditions were organized to study the ice-rock collapses that were blocking the
trans-Caucasian road. In 1859 B. Statkowsky introduced the term sel’ (debris
flow), an Arabic word current among nations of the Caucasus. Later debris flows
were studied in the Caucasus, the Carpathians, the mountains of Central Asia and
Siberia, in Kamchatka Peninsula etc. Debris flow conferences were organised by
experts from Kazakhstan, Georgia, Russia, Armenia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan,
Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan (24 conferences in 1949–1982). The late 1950–80s
were \“the golden thirty years” of the Soviet debris flow science. A strong school
of experts worked in ministries, institutes, universities and hydrometeorological
service. A Debris Flow Commission was established for co-ordination of all
activities. Following a number of disastrous debris flows, manuals for
monitoring debris flows were written. Various protective infrastructures were
built. The collapse of the USSR (1991) has divided the debris flow community
by the new state boundaries. The economic crisis of the 1990s hit hard, and only
now this science is reactivated due to large debris flow disasters of the early 21 st
century in the Caucasus. Three conferences have been organised. In 2005, the
Debris Flow Association (DFA) was established in Russia as a professional
society of experts (http://www.rsk.land.ru/index_eng.htm). It has now been
joined by members from other countries. A Russian debris flow bibliography for
1968–2005 is being prepared for publication. The DFA plans to organise an
international debris flow conference in Russia in 2008.
Keywords: debris flow, mudflow, Russia, Former Soviet Union, research.
Keywords
debris flow, mudflow, Russia, Former Soviet Union, research.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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