An Improvement Of Cr+6 Removal By
The Reduction To Cr+3 In Birjand
Ground Water Treatment
Author(s)
R. Heydarzadeh, A. A. Ghadimkhani & A. Torabian
Abstract
Birjand is a city in the east of Iran. Underground water is the only drinking water
source, because this city is in a dry region.
Ground water hexavalent chromium ion (Cr+6) concentration in Birjand is
about 0.07 mg/l, which is higher than the maximum contamination level (MCL).
The maximum contamination level of Cr+6 is 0.05 mg/l according to WHO
guidelines.
In an effort to comply with the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline
regulations governing hexavalent chromium, Cr+6 was reduced to Cr3 through
standard jar test procedures with the addition of ferrous sulphate as a reducing
agent. This research studied this as a bench scale.
In the first alternative, ferrous sulphate was just used as a reducing agent. A
chromium concentration of 0.042 mg/l was reached in order to comply with
WHO guidelines. But the addition of ferrous sulphate induced a sulphate ion
(SO4
2-
) concentration increment of up to 430 mg/l, which is higher than the
maximum contamination level according WHO guidelines (400 mg/l).
In the second alternative, ferrous sulphate was used as a reducing agent with
lime milk.
A chromium concentration of 0.015 mg/l was reached with a sulphate ion
concentration of 380 mg/l, which is less than the MCL (400 mg/l).
Keywords: ground water, hexavalent chromium, sulphate, ferrous sulphate,
reducing agent.
Keywords
ground water, hexavalent chromium, sulphate, ferrous sulphate,
reducing agent.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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