Modelling Environmentally Assisted
Cracking In Pipeline Steels
Author(s)
A. Plumtree & S. B. Lambert
Abstract
An investigation has been conducted on the environmentally assisted cracking
(EAC) of ferritic-pearlitic pipeline steels in contact with simulated groundwater.
The loading and environmental conditions were similar to those for buried
natural gas pipelines in service. An anaerobic, dilute near-neutral pH solution
was used in conjunction with the open-circuit potential for this system. The
intent of this work was to determine and model the growth rate of
environmentally assisted cracks in the form of transgranular stress corrosion
cracks (TGSCC) that have been observed following field investigations.
Combinations of low frequency cycling and high stress ratio R (=minimum
load/maximum load), can produce transgranular fracture and a quantitative
relationship between these two parameters has been developed for the conditions
under which TGSCC takes place. The recorded crack growth rates were similar
to those in the field and a superposition model was applied to the experimental
data, giving good agreement between the observed and predicted single crack
growth rates. Applying the superposition model to operating natural gas pipeline
data indicated that more realistic predictions of crack growth would result by
considering the interaction of multiple cracks, as observed in the field colonies.
Keywords: crack growth, near-neutral pH solution, pipeline steel, superposition
model, transgranular stress corrosion cracking.
1 Introduction
Pipeline steels with a ferritic-pearlitic microstructure are highly susceptible to
environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) known as a transgranular stress
corrosion cracking (TGSCC) in dilute near-neutral (pH ~ 6.5) solutions [1]. This
Keywords
crack growth, near-neutral pH solution, pipeline steel, superposition
model, transgranular stress corrosion cracking.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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