Thick Tool Steel Coatings With Laser Cladding
Author(s)
V. Ocelík, U. de Oliveira & J. Th. M. De Hosson
Abstract
This paper concentrates on thick and crack-free laser clad coatings (up to 3 mm).
The coating material is a chromium-molybdenum-tungsten-vanadium alloyed
high-speed steel that shows high wear resistance, high compressive strength,
good toughness, very good dimensional stability on heat treatment and very good
temper resistance. It will be demonstrated that laser cladding of MicroMelt 23
powder offers a relatively wide processing window resulting in the formation of
thick, microstructurally uniform, hard, crack- and defect- free coating on
ordinary steel substrates. Microstructural observations using light and field
emission gun scanning electron microscopy with EDS and EBSD attachments
together with internal strain measurements using diffraction of X-rays revealed
the reason for low susceptibility to crack formation. An intensive martensitic
transformation inside small austenitic cells surrounded by hard carbides
following the rapid solidification process compensates the tensile strain and
finally results in compressive stresses at the coating surface. Laser cladding on
different steels substrate geometries will be demonstrated together with hardness
profiles and their dependence on cladding conditions.
Keywords: tool steel, laser cladding, microstructure, residual stress.
1 Introduction
Laser surface treatment includes several different techniques utilizing the heat of
a laser beam acting at the surface to modify the composition and microstructure
and produce a wide range of metallurgical effects [1]. Laser cladding using the
powder blowing technique [2, 3] comprises fusion of an alloy powder layer to a
substrate with minimum melting of the substrate. Melting starts at the surface
and the particles being heated and melted when passing the laser beam are
trapped in the melt pool. This technique is used for the deposition of alloys on
Keywords
tool steel, laser cladding, microstructure, residual stress.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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