Explosive Pitting Of 1018 Steel Witness Plates
Author(s)
G. A. Walsh & V. D. Romero
Abstract
1018 steel witness plates were put into contact with the explosives Ammonium
Nitrate and Fuel Oil (ANFO), composition C4, dynamite, flake trinitrotoluene
(TNT), smokeless powder and black powder. Explosive-induced pitting of the
metal targets was observed in tests involving C4, dynamite, TNT and smokeless
powder. The microstructure directly under pitting sites was examined using
standard metallographic techniques. No sign of melting was observed under or
around the pits, indicating that pitting is most likely caused by impingement of
hard particles on the metal surface during combustion of the explosive material,
or by jet formation from the collapse of voids at the explosive/target interface.
Keywords: explosives, explosive pitting, explosive-metal interactions.
1 Introduction
Pitting is a phenomenon that occurs on metal surfaces in contact with, or very
close proximity to, detonating explosives [1]. This pitting of metals is often used
in forensic investigations to indicate the occurrence of an explosive event [1],
[2]. The cause of explosive pitting is, however, the subject of some controversy.
Pitting has been said to be caused by the impact of high velocity particles (either
unconsumed explosive or inert) [3]. Another theory is that small jets formed by
the collapse of voids at the explosive / metal interface produces pitting [4].
Additionally, claims have been made indicating that the explosive event
generates enough heat to melt small portions of the metal surface, creating small
pits upon solidification [5].
Keywords
explosives, explosive pitting, explosive-metal interactions.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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