Superquadratic Fluidic Restrictors And
Their Applications
Author(s)
V. Tesař
Abstract
In a little-known type of flow restrictors the resistance to flow is due to
centrifugal force acting on the fluid rotating in a shallow cylindrical chamber
into which it enters tangentially. The advantage over other restrictor types is high
achievable pressure drop in relation to quite large flowpath cross-sections. The
super-quadraticity – which is steeper than the quadratic rise of the pressure drop
with increasing flow rate – is an interesting and yet almost unknown property of
these restrictors. This paper presents examples of the effect and its applications.
Keywords: flow restrictors, vortex devices, rotating flow, fluidics.
1 Introduction
In view of the general requirements of efficiency it may seem contradictory to
common sense to develop and use hydraulic and pneumatic devices having no
other purpose than to dissipate the energy of fluid that passes through them. Yet
such devices, hydraulic or pneumatic restrictors (general term: fluidic restrictors)
are not only useful but actually very important. Their typical application is
limiting the discharge of fluid accumulated in a pressure vessel after its sudden
opening. Another use is suppression of fluid flow pulsation. Related case is
damping mechanical motion converted by a piston transducer into the fluid flow.
Yet another use is \“gagging” of the inlets into several parallel flowpaths to
secure uniform flow distribution into them. There are also numerous applications
in sensors: a well-known example is the evaluation of flow rate by measuring the
pressure drop across a restrictor.
Presented in Fig. 1 are three different operating principles used for these
tasks, named according to the ideal value of the exponent n of their characteristic
– the dependence of pressure drop P on volume flow rate
P V n (1)
Keywords
flow restrictors, vortex devices, rotating flow, fluidics.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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