Experimental Observations Of Cohesive
Sediment Dynamics In Aquaculture
Recirculation Tanks
Author(s)
J. A. Garcia-Aragon, H. Salinas-Tapia,
J. Moreno-Guevara & V. Diaz-Palomarez
Abstract
Cohesive sediments from non-used food and fish excreta are a main concern in
aquaculture recirculation tank design. Excess concentrations of sediments can
cause fish death or additional costs of energy for aeration. Flow dynamics in
these tanks is represented as a multiphase flow with two disperse phases: one of
solids (cohesive sediments) and one of gas (oxygen) because aeration is always
needed. This research was carried out to understand the settling behavior of flocs
when subjected to a liquid shear rate. A reduced scale model of an aquaculture
recirculation tank was built in Plexiglas in order to use Particle Image
Velocimetry and Particle Tracking Velocimetry techniques to measure fluid
velocities, solid settling velocities, floc shape, and size.
The optical techniques provided a description of how the phases organize in
space and how this organization is related to the microphysics. Different flow
rates and solid concentrations were used to develop varied configurations in the
system. Models for floc settling velocity based on fractal theory were calibrated.
Cohesive sediments from fish food were observed in long-term experiments at
constant fluid shear rate and constant gas flow rates in the recirculation tank.
Images were obtained each five minutes. Image analysis provided us with floc
settling velocity data and floc size. Using floc settling velocity data, floc density
data were obtained for different diameters at equilibrium conditions, after one
hour or larger experiments. Statistical analysis of floc velocities for different floc
sizes allowed us to obtain an expression for the drag coefficient as a function of
floc particle Reynolds number (R*=ρwWsD/μ) where Ws is the floc settling
velocity, D is floc diameter, ρw is the liquid mass density and μ is the liquid
Keywords
floc, settling velocity, aquaculture, recirculation tank, fractal dimension, drag coefficient, PTV, PIV
Related Book
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