Origin Of Lateral Thrust In Mawat Area,
Kurdistan, NE-Iraq
Author(s)
K. H. Karim & S. H. Sulaiman
Abstract
In the Kurdistan part of the Zagros Fold-Thrust belt, as whole Zagros, many
deformation types and scales are described which all have effects on oil
accumulation and preservation. One of these deformations is lateral thrust which
must be encountered during a search for oil in the area. At present, the lateral
thrusts are described and analyzed for the first time in the area.
The origin of the several lateral thrusts (oblique local thrust) are studied in
Mawat area from Kurdistan Region of northeastern Iraq at about 30km to the
north of Sulaimani city. The study is achieved in terms of the relation with both
the Main Zagros Thrust Fault and the graben that exists in Chwarta-Mawat.
These local thrusts are occurring in two groups, each group dips nearly 15º in
opposite directions towards the northwest and southeast (about 340º and 155º
respectively). The thrusts are associated with small reverse faults with nearly the
same dip direction. These directions are nearly normal or oblique to dip direction
of the Main Zagros Thrust Fault. The origin of these oblique thrusts is attributed
to one of the following four possibilities:
1. Local thrusts may belong to the lateral boundaries of the Main Zagros
Thrust Fault (MZTF). The lateral boundaries make up the lateral thrust of the
main thrust fold thrust belts. Field evidence that aids this probability is that the
Main Zagros Thrust Fault is located about 2km to the northeast of the location of
the lateral thrusts. Other evidence is the angle of striations of the associated
reverse faults surface which is about 15–20. These angles are close to the
direction of the sigma one of the Main Zagros Thrust Fault which is about N38E
degrees in the studied area. 2. The possibility is that these thrusts are generated
by shortening associated with the graben that is bounded by two large normal
faults which are mentioned in previous studies. The third possibly is that the
thrusts are formed under the effect of two of the above factors which include
horizontal stress of the local front of the main Zagros thrust and vertical stress
Keywords
lateral thrust, oblique thrust, Aqra Formation, Zagros Main thrust, Chwarta-Mawat area
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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