Effect Of Lateral Confinement On Penetration
Efficiency As A Function Of Impact Velocity
Author(s)
C. E. Anderson, Jr. & I. S. Chocron
Abstract
Numerical simulations are used to determine the dependence of normalized
depth of penetration (P/L, where L is the projectile length) as a function of the
ratio of the target diameter to the projectile diameter (Dt /Dp) and impact
velocity, Vp. The parameter space investigated was 3.25 < Dt /Dp < 20, and
1.5 km/s ≤ Vp ≤ 4.0 km/s. It was found that the penetration efficiency, P/L, at
low impact velocities is a strong function of the normalized diameter (for Dt /Dp
< 20), but that P/L becomes less and less sensitive to Dt /Dp as the impact
velocity increases. The simulation results are used to understand this
observation.
Keywords: penetration mechanics, confinement, penetration efficiency, target
resistance, strength, inertial effects.
1 Introduction
It is well known that penetration is affected by the proximity of lateral
boundaries of a target. Littlefield, et al. [1], conducted a systematic experimental
and computational study to assess the dependency of penetration efficiency (as
measured by the depth of penetration normalized by the initial projectile length,
P/L) of tungsten-alloy, long-rod projectiles as a function of the ratio of target
diameter (Dt) to projectile diameter (Dp). The targets were armor steel. The
impact velocity in the experiments varied between 1.46 km/s to 1.55 km/s, and
the results were adjusted to an impact velocity of 1.50 km/s. Agreement between
the simulations and the experiments was excellent, as shown in fig. 1. It is seen
in fig. 1 that the target appears to be essentially semi-infinite in lateral extent for
Dt /Dp > ~20; but for Dt /Dp < 15, penetration begins to increase quite rapidly as
Dt decreases (for constant Dp).
Keywords
penetration mechanics, confinement, penetration efficiency, target
resistance, strength, inertial effects.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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