Computer Aided Sand Wedge Shape Assessment
By Using Particle Simulation
Author(s)
T. Koizumi, N. Tsujiuchi, H. Horii, M. Miki & J. Hidaka
Abstract
In this research, a computational simulation model of a bunker shot for assessing
sand wedge shapes is constructed using the particle element method, PEM. The
PEM is one particle simulation method which simulates particle phenomenon by
tracing the motion of all particles and calculating the interaction among them. The
simulation model is composed of a club head, a golf ball and a large number of
particles of sand. Firstly, the reproducibility of the simulation model was verified
by comparison with actual bunker shots which were observed using a high speed
video camera, then the simulation results gave good agreement with the observa-tional
results. Secondly, the simulation model was applied for assessing the prop-erty
of a new special sand wedge which had a hollow processed on the sole, then
the feature of the wedge and its cause were revealed. This simulation model pro-vides
numerical understanding of the property of sand wedges and reasons why
the effective property occurs.
1 Introduction
As rapidly enlargement of the performance of computer and the computer aided
engineering, CAE, computational simulation has been used for design and devel-opment
of golf equipments, such as clubs and balls. Ordinary clubs, such as woods
and irons, have been assessed by computational simulation models constructed by
using the finite element method, FEM, handled as collision of a club head and
a ball [1]. However, the sand wedges have been done by designers’ and players’
empirical intuition and trial-and-error, because of the difficulty of simulation mod-eling
of the bunker shot.
The difficult point of the bunker shot modeling is that the model has to take
account of the influence of the bunker sand, because a club head and a ball do not
Keywords
Related Book
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