Complementary Experimental Methods For
Measurements Of Air Entrainment In Vertical
Dropshafts
Author(s)
L. Ciaravino, P. Gualtieri & G. Pulci Doria
Abstract
Vertical dropshaft is an important element in hydraulic structures since it easily
allows covering a vertical jump. In the present paper the problem faced is to
quantify the phenomenon of air entrainment in vertical shafts, two methods are
presented for the measurement of entrained air flow rate. The anemometric
method is semi-classical, while the volumetric method is fully innovative. A
deep analysis has been carried out concerning the principles on which the two
methods are based and they are shown to be complementary methods. A
comparison is also provided between the two methodologies.
Keywords: air entrainment, experimental measurements, vertical dropshaft,
anemometric method, volumetric method.
1 Introduction
A problem of great interest, both from theoretical and technological point of
view, is to transfer a volume of liquid from a higher to a lower height, when the
difference to overcome is large. The use of a vertical dropshaft linking the
above-mentioned heights allows a solution of this problem also having available
a very limited space in horizontal direction. The characteristics of the inlet of the
shaft identify different dropshaft typologies. The attention of many Researchers
has been turned, in particular, to the following categories: vortex flow inlet and
central jet inlet. Vortex flow inlet, conceived by Drioli [1], is endowed with a
particular configuration giving to the stream an helicoidal flow which forces it to
adhere to the walls (to the internal surface of the vertical conduit) creating
annular jet. In the first part of the vertical dropshaft a space becomes available,
Keywords
Related Book
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