Granular Forces From Steady And
Avalanche Flows On A Wall-like Obstacle:
Contribution To Avalanche Dam Design
Author(s)
T. Faug, B. Chanut & M. Naaim
Abstract
The present paper deals with the hydrodynamic force from granular streams
overflowing a wall-like obstacle. An analytical continuum model is proposed to
derive this force both for steady and unsteady flow conditions. The force derived
from the continuum model is successfully compared to the time-averaged force
from discrete numerical simulations of free-surface granular flows down an incline
and overflowing a wall. A good agreement is found in a large range of slope
inclinations from a slow dense regime to a rapid dilute one. The continuum model
gives the various contributions of the total force. Application to avalanche dam
design is discussed.
Keywords: granular avalanche, protection dam, obstacle, force, continuum model,
discrete simulations.
1 Introduction
Gravity-driven mass movements such as dense avalanches of granular snow can
lead to huge damages on structures (buildings and protection dams). The flow-
obstacle interaction is a crucial question to better understand the influence of
obstacles on flows of granular fluids and the force that granular fluids can exert
on the obstacle. In this paper, an analytical continuum model is proposed to
derive the force from avalanches overflowing a wall-like obstacle. The model is
based on momentum and mass conservations applied to a control volume which
corresponds to the upstream volume disturbed by the presence of the obstacle.
Small-scale discrete numerical simulations on granular flows down an incline and
meeting a wall were carried out to calibrate and test the continuum model. Steady
Keywords
granular avalanche, protection dam, obstacle, force, continuum model,
discrete simulations
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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