Seismicity And Seismotectonics Of The
Jeddah Area, Saudi Arabia
Author(s)
M. S. Fnais, K. Abdelrahman, Sh. E-Hady
& E. Abdel-monem
Abstract
The Jeddah area is located along the eastern coast of the Red Sea and hence has
been affected by moderate to destructive earthquakes throughout its history.
Consequently, the identification of the seismogenic source zones is of utmost
importance for mapping the most disaster prone area around the Jeddah area.
Available data, including both historical and instrumental have been collected
from national and international data centers. The seismogenic source zones that
might affect the Jeddah area are defined more precisely depending on the main
tectonic trends; distribution of earthquakes, seismicity rate (a- and b-values) and
a fault plane solution for the major earthquakes; in addition, the type of faults
that prevail and characterize these zones. It is concluded that Jeddah city is
outlined by five seismogenic source zones; three of them are located through the
Red Sea (southwestern Jeddah, western Jeddah, and northwestern Jeddah), while
the other two earthquake zones are located inland (Thewal-Rabegh and Jeddah-
Makkah zones). The existence of microearthquakes inland suggests that there is
a significant level of tectonic activity away from the axial trough of the Red
Sea. These inland zones correlate well with the major active tectonic trends
outlining the Jeddah area. The b-values range from 0.65 to 1.03 through the
study area. An area of high b-values could be indicative of a relative low stress
regime resulting from the stress release by the earthquakes. An area of low bvalues
is interpreted as evidence of a relatively higher stress regime associated
with an area of dominantly extensional stress.
Keywords
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