Improved Solutions For Dangerous Liquid
Containment
Author(s)
G. Janszen, A. M. Grande, P. Bettini & L. Di Landro
Abstract
The availability of new materials with uncommon characteristics and
functionalities gives the opportunity to develop and possibly integrate new
conceptual solutions for the improvement of safety in the design and
manufacture of containers for critical substances. Numerous examples can be
devised where a proper containment of liquid, even after tank damage, is
essential with regard to safety issues. Bullet penetration or debris impact of fuel
tanks are two relevant examples where specifically designed configuration and
materials may significantly improve safety margins. In such situations,
deflagration can be activated by sudden variation of internal pressure and
temperature or liquid spilling due to wall container perforation.
Cellular filler material in the container can remarkably dispel fire heat and
limit pressure wave peaks generated by a bullet explosion; moreover, the overall
response to impact loads in case of a crash is remarkably improved. Different
fillers with particular configurations, ranging from porous structure to expanded
aluminium foil, have been tested as tank explosion suppression media with
remarkably positive results.
In traditional multilayer wall fuel tanks, self-sealing capability can be
obtained as a result of swelling or chemical reaction of rubber/foam layer when it
comes in contact with the spilling internal liquid. A usual drawback of these
materials is the limited resistance to aging which reduces their effectiveness with
time. Moreover, the sealing material does not give structural contribution
furthermore consistently increasing the weight of the component. Polymeric
materials with intrinsic self-healing capability may become a valid alternative to
traditional configurations. In this context, ethylene-methacrylic acid based
ionomers can be adopted as self-healing layers.
Keywords
fuel tanks, fillers, self-healing, impact
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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