Soft Retention In Height Fall Safety Devices
Author(s)
R. Irles, J. C. Pomares, E. G. Segovia, M. B. Ferrer
& E. A. Carrion
Abstract
Height falls in construction work cause fatal or serious accidents every year.
Safety devices used to avoid this are supposed to stop the falling worker by
developing forces that are low enough to prevent serious injury being caused
during the retention process.
In this paper three safety systems are analysed: collective protection such as
safety nets (V-type) or provisory edge protection (C-class guardrails) and
personal fall arrest systems (with a harness).
There are many biological and mechanical variables involved in the retention
process. Maximum or minimum values are needed for kinetic energy to be
absorbed; the forces against a retained worker or system deflection, respectively,
are required by certain codes governing the safety systems. Other codes only
establish limits for some of these variables. Code criteria about cited
requirements are not homogeneous and sometimes they are even inadequate due
to a lack of knowledge about the relationships and implications concerning the
mechanical variables. The corresponding interaction is difficult to evaluate and
requires expensive experimental studies to be carried out on instrumented real
size samples.
Nevertheless, in the last decade, research on safety systems has been done on
refined finite element models that can perform dynamic simulations of the
impact. This paper contains important conclusions drawn from the original
contributions of authors that suggest making relevant improvements to some of
the corresponding codes. Comparisons of cheaper numerical predictions and real
size experiments have proved that finite element models can be reliably used to
analyse and design these safety devices.
Keywords: height fall, safety device, impact, energy absorption, deflection.
Keywords
height fall, safety device, impact, energy absorption, deflection.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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