Qualitative Analysis Of Dynamic Effects
In Oil Pipelines
Author(s)
D. Guaycochea-Guglielmi & G. Soto-Cortés
Abstract
Pipelines are used in Mexico to transport different types of crude oil from the
production areas to refineries and harbours. Pipeline systems have diameters of
20, 24, 30 or 36 inches and variable length, reaching several hundreds of
kilometres in some cases. The distance between pumping stations is variable
(from 10 to almost 200 km), depending mainly on topography. In some cases it
is necessary to raise the fluid to the central plateau (more than 2,200 m above sea
level); sectors of the conduits have to go across very rough terrains and need
many changes of directions, particularly vertical. High discharge pressures are
necessary in some pumping stations and pressure reduction valves are used in
selected sections. As a result, in certain sectors of the pipeline system, head
losses cannot be predicted with reasonable accuracy by conventional formulas,
even considering corrections due to pipe aging or inlay deposits. An analysis,
based on field measurements and supported on experimental and numerical
concepts, shows that the friction factor is significantly influenced by dynamic
effects, originated mainly in the curvature of the lines, which affects the velocity
profile. The purpose of this paper is to show and describe these results,
comparing different pipeline sectors with distinctive characteristics. The friction
factor calculated with conventional equations (Swamee Jain) is compared with
the one obtained from the Darcy Weisbach formula. An attempt is made to
correlate the pipeline curvature with the friction factor in terms of a qualitative
analysis. Further research should lead to the definition of adimensional
parameters to be included in new algorithms, as was already proposed in other
cases, particularly for aqueducts.
Keywords: oil pipelines, head losses, dynamic effects.
Keywords
oil pipelines, head losses, dynamic effects.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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