The Behavior Of Elastomers At High Strain Rates
Author(s)
M. S. Hoo Fatt & X. Ouyang
Abstract
Tensile impact experiments were performed to obtain stress-extension ratio
curves of uniaxial strip specimens and dynamic force-extension curves of thin
rubber sheets at impact rates of loading. Results from the uniaxial tension tests
indicated that although the rubber became stiffer with increasing strain rate, the
stress-extension ratio curves remained virtually the same above 280 s-1. Above
this critical strain rate, strength, fracture strain and toughness decreased with
increasing strain rate. When strain rates were below 180 s-1, the initial modulus,
tensile strength and breaking extension increased as the strain rate increased.
Between strain rates of 180 s-1and 280 s-1, the initial modulus and tensile strength
increased with increasing strain rate but the extension at break decreased with
increasing strain rate. A hyper-viscoelastic constitutive relation of integral form
was used to describe the rate-dependent material behavior of the rubber. The
proposed constitutive equation was implemented in ABAQUS Explicit via a
user-defined subroutine and used to predict the dynamic response of the rubber
sheets in the experiments. Numerical predictions for the transient deformation
and failure of the rubber sheet were within 10% of experimental results.
Keywords: elastomers, high strain rates, hyper-viscoelastic constitutive
equation, finite element analysis.
1 Introduction
Elastomers or rubber-like materials are often used to mitigate damage caused by
impulsive or impact loads because of their low modulus, high damping and large
breaking extension. Rubber isolation bearings, for example, protect buildings
and bridges from earthquakes by imposing a layer of low shear modulus between
the structure and ground thereby allowing lateral, almost rigid body motion of
the structure. Rubber shock absorbers arrest impacting bodies with minimum
Keywords
elastomers, high strain rates, hyper-viscoelastic constitutive
equation, finite element analysis.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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