Effects Of Recent Strategies Of Selective
Collection On The Design Of Municipal Solid
Waste Treatment Plants In Italy
Author(s)
M. Ragazzi & E. C. Rada
Abstract
In Italy the trend of municipal solid waste (MSW) selective collection shows that
the present scenario is changing towards efficiencies that can reach 65% in some
regions. In this frame a big problem concerns the planning of treatment plants
that could face with the variations in terms of quantity and quality of residual
MSW. In order to face with the variability of the selectively collected organic
fraction to be treated, composting plants are generally implemented in modules.
This flexibility is an advantage when the decision for constructing a plant must
be taken when selective collection is not yet steady. Anaerobic digestion is
typically implemented in big bioreactors as the ratio surface/volume is more
favourable if the volume is high. The anaerobic digesters are heated, thus a
limited specific surface of dispersion is preferred. This characteristic gives to
anaerobic digestion less flexibility than composting. Facing this disadvantage,
some designers propose plants with a set of digesters both for selective collection
streams and for the organic fraction automatically sorted from the residual
MSW. Depending on the results of selective collection, a digester used for one
stream can be switched to the treatment of the other. Bio-drying as residual
MSW pre-treatment before energy recovery is performed well when the organic
fraction content is high. It is clear that selective collection can be a problem for
this process when it causes a low organic fraction content in the residual MSW.
Bio-drying cannot develop well in this case. Bio-stabilisation before landfilling
can have similar problems. Incineration is presently proposed in Italy as an
option to treat the whole stream of residual MSW. Different selective collection
efficiencies can change the data for designing this kind of plant. Additionally a
problem is related to the high lower heating value obtainable for residual MSW
if selective collection of organic fraction is successfully adopted at householder
level. The conventional air cooled grate can become unsuitable.
Keywords: design, Italy, plants, residual MSW, selective collection.
Keywords
design, Italy, plants, residual MSW, selective collection.
Related Book
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