Ex-situ Bioremediation Of Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbons In Sewage Sludge
Author(s)
J. E. Schmidt, S. B. Larsen & D. Karakashev
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are naturally occurring organic
compounds. As a result of anthropogenic activities, PAH concentration has
increased in the environment considerably. PAH are regarded as environmental
pollutants because they have toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on living
organisms. A promising approach to reduce PAH pollution is based on the
implementation of the natural potential of microorganisms to utilize
hydrocarbons. In this study Proteiniphilum acetatigenes was used for
bioaugmentation during anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge to improve the
PAH removal. Primary and mixed (primary: secondary sludge = 1:3) sewage
sludges were collected from a waste water treatment plant (WWTP) and
degraded under mesophilic anaerobic conditions. The primary and mixed sludge
produced separately from this digestion was used for three bioaugmentation
batch experiments: firstly, with the addition of bacteria in the beginning of the
experiment; secondly, with the addition of bacteria in the beginning and then
every second and third day, with the addition of encapsulated bacteria in the
beginning. Batch performance was monitored by following volatile fatty acids
and methane production during degradation of PAH found in the sludge. Results
obtained showed that the performances of the first two batch experiments were
positively affected by the introduced strains. However, no preference towards
individual PAH degradation was observed, but the methane production in the
batches with the encapsulated cells was strongly inhibited due to tannin
production during alginate lysis. A clear preference for naphthalene removal was
also registered due to PAH diffusion problems through the alginate beads. It was
shown that the primary sludge had better potential for PAH removal compared to
mixed sludge. This was due to lower organic content in the primary sludge
facilitating PAH bioavailability for the introduced microorganisms.
Keywords: bioremediation, PAH, sewage sludge.
Keywords
bioremediation, PAH, sewage sludge.
Related Book
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