Surface Water Toxicity Assessment By
Ecotoxicological And In Vitro
Toxicologocical Assays
Author(s)
C. Khalil & C. Winder
Abstract
Environmental pollution is an ever-growing problem in today’s consumer world.
Disposal of chemicals and their unwanted by-products into the natural
environment poses significant risks to ecosystems and human health. The
receiving natural environment is a sink to chemical mixtures and this triggers a
range of potential environmental and health problems. It is therefore imperative
to develop rapid reliable techniques for initial screening and establishment of
toxic potential and risks. The selection of the catchment study locations in
Tasmania (creeks stream and rivers) was the result of recorded observations
following rainfall of anomalous oyster population mortality and adverse human
health in the geographical catchment area. A biological impact was identified in
the study area but the casual agents and environmental triggers were unclear
hence the need for in vitro toxicology assessment techniques for identifying the
triggers and risks associated with exposure to environmental contaminants. The
aim of this paper is to present findings of in vitro cytotoxicity assays and their
potential in assessing contaminated river water toxicity using human cell
cultures. The key to the approach adopted was to investigate exposure to the
environmental pollutants and generate human toxicity profiles with a high degree
of confidence using cell viability and damage as end points. Furthermore,
correlation of the toxicity results using human cell cultures as ecological
receptors in the study area clearly indicated the usefulness of and sensitivity of
human-derived cells in detecting the toxicity of unknown chemical mixtures.
Keywords: water samples, human skin cells, human skin fibroblasts, HepG2,
A549, toxicity, cytotoxicity, ecotoxicity, MTS, sea urchin development test,
bivalve larval development test.
Keywords
water samples, human skin cells, human skin fibroblasts, HepG2,A549, toxicity, cytotoxicity, ecotoxicity, MTS, sea urchin development test,bivalve larval development test.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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