Androgenic Activity Of Effluent From Forty-five
Municipal Waste Water Treatment Plants In
Victoria, Australia
Author(s)
G. Allinson, M. Allinson, F. Shiraishi, S. A. Salzman,
J. H. Myers, K. M. Hermon & T. Theodoropoulos
Abstract
It is well known that waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are estrogenic.
There has been much less consideration of the androgenic activity of WWTP
effluents. To partly address the shortage of information on androgens in Australian
WWTP effluents, in August 2006, and again in 2007, we collected discharges from
up to 45 Victorian WWTPs (~25% of all WWTPs in Victoria), grouped by
treatment process, i.e. activated sludge, extended aeration, and lagoon based
treatment, and measured the total estrogenic, androgenic, retinoic acid, and
aromatic hydrocarbon hydrogenase activity of the effluents using a hybrid yeast
bioassay. This paper will concentrate on the androgenic activity and male hormone
concentrations. None of the WWTP effluents produced a response in the yeast
assay. However, that does not mean there are no androgens in the effluents. The
ELISA testing suggested that there are low levels of testosterone and
androstenedione in the WWTP discharges (typically less than 5 and 10 ng/L,
respectively). The lack of response in the androgen assay may reflect lack of test
sensitivity, rather than lack of androgenic activity, per se. The low concentrations
of testosterone and androstenedione found in our Victorian WWTP effluents are
broadly consistent with the few observations made elsewhere in Australia. Also, it
is not just the big cities that produces hormonally active WWTP effluent, but also
smaller communities. Indeed, some small community effluent contains more
testosterone/androstenedione than that of large cities.
Keywords: androgenic activity, testosterone, androstenedione, waste water
treatment plant effluent.
Keywords
androgenic activity, testosterone, androstenedione, waste water
treatment plant effluent.
Related Book
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