Sustainable Energy Future For Austria
Author(s)
M. Hummel & A. Windsperger
Abstract
In many countries such as Austria the energy demand is mainly covered by fossil
fuels. The negative impact on the climate and their decreasing availability brings
up the need for a shift to a possible future energy system using solely renewable
energy sources. The goal of the modelling is to compare and possibly match the
energy demand of Austria with the long-term potentials of Austria’s renewable
energies. In different scenarios, possible ways of covering the energy demand
should be visualised and analysed, taking into account the necessary use of
biomass for food, for animal feed and for products.
To reach this goal, a static model of the demand in all different energy sectors
versus all the various energy sources available per year was developed. Many
parameters allowed one to change settings on both sides for the scenarios easily.
We use a top-down modelling approach for the energy balance and apply
bottom-up approach for functional modelling of the important parts of the
system, due to high energy consumption, efficiency or trade-off potentials. Via
the applied parameters it is possible to examine the effects of enforcing or
reducing various energy supply and energy conversion technologies.
Our conclusion is that – against common opinion – it is possible to provide
full coverage of Austria’s energy demand by just using renewable energy
sources, even with the still existing technologies. However, significant changes
in the structure of buildings and in means of transportation are necessary.
Introducing high construction standards leads to a definite reduction of heat
losses. Room heating can then be done preferably by solar collectors, heat pumps
and low-temperature district heating, reusing industrial waste heat wherever
possible. The main part of biomass should be converted into CHP to process
heat. The mobility structure has to change towards electrically driven
technologies with much higher conversion efficiencies.
Keywords: sustainable energy system, renewable energy sources, energy
systems model, efficient technologies.
Keywords
sustainable energy system, renewable energy sources, energy systems model, efficient technologies
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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