Deficit Irrigation Of Peach Trees
To Reduce Water Consumption
Author(s)
D. Wang
Abstract
Lack of water is a major limiting factor for production tree fruits such as peaches
in the San Joaquin Valley of California and many other arid- or semi-arid regions
in the world. Deficit irrigation can be used in some cropping systems as a water
resource management strategy to reduce non-productive water consumption. A
difficulty in using deficit irrigation is the lack of techniques for quickly and
accurately measuring plant water status so as not to cause irreversible damage on
the plants, especially in perennial species such as vine and tree crops. Field
measurements and analyses were carried out in a multi-year experiment to
evaluate deficit irrigation strategies for managing postharvest reduced water
application of peach trees. Micrometeorological variables were collected near
the center of the orchard for energy balance computations and infrared
temperature sensors were installed in different field areas which received full or
deficit irrigation treatments. Results indicated that with approximately 30-40%
of the full seasonal water use, deficit irrigation with furrows produced peach
yield similar to full irrigation. With subsurface drip irrigation, deficit water
application at 25-30% of the full rate reduced the yield in the first year but not
the second year. Smaller fruit sizes were found under the severe deficit
treatment in the subsurface drip irrigation method. Measured midday canopy to
air temperature differences in the water-stressed postharvest deficit irrigation
treatments were consistently higher than that in the full irrigation control
treatments. Crop water stress index was estimated and consistently higher values
were found in the deficit irrigation than in the full irrigation control treatments.
The study clearly showed that with carefully measured water stress levels, deficit
irrigation is a potential management strategy for reducing water consumption in
growing peaches.
Keywords: crop water use, water management, canopy temperature,
evapotranspiration, water productivity.
Keywords
crop water use, water management, canopy temperature,
evapotranspiration, water productivity
Related Book
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